Numerical study of MHD effect on liquid metal free jet under complex magnetic fields

In this paper, we present numerical studies of liquid metal free surface jet characteristic behavior under the influence of transverse fields and field gradients. The goal of the numerical simulation study is to evaluate the usefulness of a proposed numerical scheme for MHD analysis by comparing the numerical results with experimental observations. A 3D liquid metal MHD code based on an induced magnetic field formulation was developed and a penalty factor numerical method was introduced in order to force the local divergence-free condition of the magnetic field. The proposed numerical techniques give reasonable results as compared to experimental findings at a high Hartmann number. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.